Associate Professor Hisao Yoshikawa was born in Osaka. He obtained a bachelor and master degree of Biology in Kobe and then moved to a Ph.D. course as a student in Medical Zoology, equivalent to Parasitology, in Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, where he worked on Pneumocystis carinii, especially ultrastructure of this unclassified microbe at that time. He was skillful for freeze-fracture and immune-electron microscopy, and his expertise had contributed to the development of Hitachi freeze-fracture apparatus FR-7000. After he moved to Nara Women’s University, he focused on Blastocystis research, especially for morphology, epidemiology, and molecular phylogeny. While there, he temporarily moved in Dr. Don Graves laboratory, University of Oklahoma for the collaborated research on Pneumocystis carinii under the NIN grant for one year. He has published about 90 articles and four book chapters including editor, most of which are peer-reviewed. He will be retiring at the end of March this year.